A heart attack is a condition when the damage suffered by the part of the heart muscle (myocardium) due to sudden severely reduced blood supply to the heart muscle. Reduced blood supply to the heart is suddenly may occur when one of the coronary arteries being blockaded for some time, either due to spasm - mengencangnya coronary arteries - or as a result of a blood clot - thrombus. Part of the heart muscle that is normally supplied by the pulse being blockaded stops functioning properly immediately after splasme subside by itself, the symptoms disappear completely and cardiac muscle function truly normal again. This is often called crescendo angina or coronary insufficiency. Conversely, when the blood supply to the heart stopped altogether, the relevant cells undergo permanent change in just a few hours and the said part of the heart muscle is severely degraded or permanently damaged. Dead muscle is called infarction.
These symptoms can be different for each person. A heart attack may begin with a vague pain, vague discomfort, or a feeling of tightness in the middle of the chest. Sometimes, a heart attack caused only mild discomfort at all, so often misinterpreted as acid reflux, or even escape the attention at all.
Heart conditions can be divided into four categories:
First, healthy can work heavy and light.
Second, it can work when it's heavy and tired does not need to stop doing the activity, but simply reduce the intensity / severity of work and when it felt fit within a two-minute work intensity can be increased again, and so on.
Third, can not work hard, but can do light work everyday, if fatigue should immediately stop the activity and rest a minute or two, good by lying, but if you're shooting went, then the rest can be done with silent stand alone.
Fourth, already severe, to walk a few meters has been exhausted, it is sometimes necessary being carried.
There are two conditions that cause blockage rather difficult early detection of heart disorders by observing the symptoms Clinically conditions:
Coronary Blockage, Coronary Blood Vessels (Large) clogged temporary and usually cause severe pain, although perhaps only briefly.
Small blood vessel blockage (ischemia), caused by cholesterol and diabetes where the latter disease causing rigidity of blood vessels, so that blood can not flow to the maximum, the small blood vessels that disrupted numerous and occur throughout the body.
If it is severe, then the heart disturbance can be recognized from clinical symptoms alone, but if it is still mild and the new are likely to experience heart problems, then treadmill test that can be performed in a specific Clinical Laboratory under the supervision of Doctor Heart is one way to detect where accuracy is reached 85 percent, while the ECG / EKG (Electro cardiogram) only 15 percent accuracy, because testnya without loading and electrodes are also less than the Treadmill Test, so it can not detect heart problems that are still mild. Treadmill Test with loading will be able to detect new blockages bit, because the graph of each electrode results will be compared and if not uniform in these places certainly no interference. Treadmill Test can detect ischemia in addition to also detect heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias) and also determine the level of Body Fitness We are, for example, often sport or not, and any sport can still be done and how long. Unfortunately Treadmill Test five times more expensive than the ECG, but there is no other way other than the treadmill test is more accurate, because it is recommended for those who have aged 50 years, even without any complaint and inspection can be performed on younger, if there is a history of illness The family's heart, high cholesterol, diabetes and hypertension.
On the other hand, a heart attack may bring the worst pain ever experienced - an incredible tightness or a feeling pinched in the chest, throat or stomach. Could also heat or cold sweat, legs ached once and fear that the end is approaching. May also feel more comfortable when sitting than when lying down and possibly shortness of breath so that can not be relaxed. Nausea and dizziness and even vomiting, even worse is when to collapse and fainting.
There are some more specific symptoms, such as:
Pain. If the muscle is not getting enough blood (a condition called ischemia), then insufficient oxygen and the metabolism of excessive lead to cramps or spasms. Angina is a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling of chest squeezing, which occurs when the heart muscle does not get enough blood. The type and severity of pain or discomfort varies in each person. Some people who experience a lack of blood flow can not feel pain at all (a condition called silent ischemia).
Shortness of breath is a common symptom found in heart failure. Shortness is the result of the entry of fluid into the air cavities in the lungs (pulmonary congestion or pulmonary edema).
Tiredness or fatigue. If the heart is not pumping effectively, blood flow to muscles during activity will be reduced, causing the patient to feel weak and tired. These symptoms are often mild. To overcome this, the patient usually gradually reduce its activity or thought these symptoms as part of aging.
Palpitations (heart palpitations)
Dizziness and fainting. Decreased blood flow due to rate or abnormal heart rhythm or because of poor pumping ability, can cause dizziness and fainting.
Risk Factors
Entering the age of 45 years for men.
It's important for men to realize their vulnerability and take positive action to prevent any future heart disease.
For women, entered the age of 55 years or premature menopause (as a result of the operation).
Women began to overtake men in terms of heart disease risk after experiencing menopause.
Family history of heart disease.
A history of heart attack in the family is often the result of abnormal cholesterol profile.
Diabetes.
Most people with diabetes die not because of the increased blood sugar level, but due to the condition of their heart complications.
Smoking.
The risk of heart disease from smoking is equivalent to 100 pounds overweight - so it is not possible to equate the two.
High blood pressure (hypertension).
Overweight (obesity).
Central obesity (potbelly) is a form of obesity. Although all obese people tend to have an increased risk of heart disease, people with central obesity even more.
Poor lifestyle.
Bad lifestyle is one of the root causes of heart disease - and replace it with physical activity is one of the most radical measures that can be taken.
Stress.
Many studies have shown that, when faced with a tense situation, there can be life-threatening heart arithmias.